Sight for guns.



PATENTED APR. 9, 1907. P. A. SOHANZ.

SIGHT FOR GUNS.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 22, 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

ns co., WASNINGYON, u. c.

PATBNTED APR. 9, 1907. F. A. SGHANZ.

SIGHT FOR GUNS.

APPLICATION FILED D280. 22, 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED @TATFS PATENT @FFTCE.

FRIEDRICH ALBIX SCHANZ, ()F DRESDEN, GERMANY.

SlGd-i'l' FOR GUNS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

ratenteci April 9, 1907.

Application filed December 22,1905- Serial No. 293.016.

siding at i)1 SIl i, in Germany, have invented "certain new and usetulImprovements in or Relating to Sigl'its for Guns, of which the followingis a specification.

In the wellknown telescopic sights the sighting :iistz'tnce is limitedby the points which determine the axis 01" the telescopeviz., the mainpoint oi the object-giass and the point oi intersection of the wires.

ing of the sighting distance and then also to improve it by the factthat oscillations and an ular turning of the telescope no longer allectthe position of the sighting-line relatively to the longitudinal axis ofthe gun. since that line is fixed at two points. One these points is thenotch of the mirror. The

other is determined by the shield, the image The available sightingdistance is therefore very 1 short nd supported only atone point, asboth sighting-points lie in a single apparatus,-

the telescope all the. movements oi the latter.

The object of the sightin dcvice according to this invention is to doaway with the above drawbacks by con'ibining the welland thereforeparticipate in f known fore sight consisting of a mirror inisighting-line relatively to the longitudinal stead of the ordinary acornand oi a shield with a sighting-mark visible in the mirror with thesighting-telescope in such manner that the image oi" the sighting-markreflected by the mirror takes the place of the crosswires in thetelescopethat is to say. the distance of the sighting-mark from theimage of the mark in the mirror is utilized as the sighting distance.The telescope. which is preferably arranged so that it can be turnedback or adjusted loi'igitudii'ially, is arranged at the point where theeye is situated in the 1nirror-sight, and the laying can be efi'ectedafter having been roughly set with the naked eye. The target is lookedat through the telescope, and at the same time the image of thesighting-mark which is to be brought on to coincidence with the targetwill be seen in the telescope. When a concave mirror is used the focallength oi which is equal to the distance oi, the sighting-mark from themirror, the image of the sighting-mark will move away into infinity, sothat it will be seen together with the target in the telescope set forthe target and provided, if desired, with crosswires. Then not only canrough setting be corrected by means of the telescope, but it will evenbe possible to use it for rough setting. In that case the sightingdistance extends from the cross-wires in the telescope to the image ofthe mark and is therefore considerably larger than in well-knownsightingtelescopes. therefore first of all possible to increase theaccuracy of sighting by the optical lengthen l I l l l of which is usedfor laying or aiming. If these two points alter their relative position,then the point of view also changes in acco "dance with a law. As inreilection the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of refiection,the point of view moves in the same upward as the mark goes downward. Itfor setting the sight a device is used which raises the telescope to thesame extent as that to which the mark is lowered, then the telescopestill retains its position relatively to the sighting-line, smalloscillations of the said telescope no longer affect the position of theaxis of the gun, and image of the mark seen in the telescope does notparticipate in any oscillations of the latter.

Two constructions of the sighting device according to this invention areillustrated, by way of example, in the accompanying drawings.

Figures 1-3 are respectively a front elevation, a side elevation partlyin section. and a plan. of the device. Figs. 4 and 5 show thesight-holder with the mirror. Fig. 6 illustratcs a field-piece fittedwith the sighting device. Fig. 7 is a front elevation of the device,showing the telescope provided with cross-wires. Fig. 8 is a view of thesightholder with concave mirror. Fig. 9 is a vertical sectional view ofsaid sight-holder. Fig. 1() is a diagrammatic view of the sightingdevice.

The sight-holder secured to the trunnion of the gun consists of a ringa, the lower half of which is tilled with the flat mirror I). The upperedge of the mirrorcoincides with the horizontal plane of the axis of thegun. in the center of this edge is provided a notch c, which enables thecentral portion of the target to be seen. The telescope 0 withoutcross-wires, mounted on the attachment frame d, (which can be turned tothe side in the well-known manner,) is directed toward the notch c, andin the same way the shield By using this combination it is f must bedirected toward said notch and the point of intersection should coverthe center of the target and the horizontal line of the markthe upperedge of the mirror I).

The length of the sighting-line in accordance with the well-knownoptical laws will be double the distance of the attachment from themirror. It will be readily understood that with a given angle g I) c theexact position of the axis of the telescope is not of great importance,as any change of its position would merely bring the image of the mark,which continues to coincide with the target without any change, toanother point of the field of vision.

According to the distance and to the elevation of the gundeterminedthereby the angle between the mark, mirror, and telescope must of coursevary, but in such manner that this angle should be always bisected by aline parallel to the axis of the gun. For the purpose of simultaneouslymoving the parts 6 and f while maintaining the above conditions theconstruction illustrated, comprising a spindle h with right and.

image of the mark situated at the focus away into infinity, so that itappears to lie on the target. The ease of aiming is thereby still moreincreased.

The mirror Z is in itself circular. Its coating is, however, scrapedaway up to the portion hatched in Fig. 8. Behind there is ar ranged aglass covering for protecting the mirror-coating.

The invention does not presuppose crosswires in the telescope; but suchcross-wires could be used as the first sighting-point, Fig. 7. Theaiming is then effected in such manner that the cross-wires of thetelescope are made to coincide with the image of the mark, and bothpoints set against the target. If the cross-wires are provided with twohorizontal threads 0 0 arranged close together, then there is nonecessity to have a notch in the mirror. The bottom point ofintersection can then be brought to coinicide with the image of the markand the upper point of intersection with the target.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to-secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. In a gun or other sighting device .the combination with the frontmirror having a sight-opening in its upper edge through which the targetmay be seen, a rear shield having a sighting-mark thereon, and atelescope, said mirror, mark, and opening being so positioned, that whenthe reflection of the mark, the opening and the target, as seen throughthe telescope are brought into a single-line of vision, the gun orfirearm will be properly sighted; substantially as described.

2. In a gun or other sighting device the combination of a front notchedmirror, a rear sighting-telescope, a rear shield bearing a sighting-markand means for adjusting the relative positions of the telescope andshield substantially as described.

3. In a gun or other sighting device the combination of a front notchedmirror, a rear sighting-telescope, a rear shield bearing a sighting-markand means for simultaneously moving the telescope and shield toward andaway from each other, substantially as described.

4. In a gun or other sighting device the combination of a front notchedmirror, a rear sighting-telescope, a rear shield bearing asighting-mark, a frame for the telescope and shield, lugs on the frame,a right and left hand screw-threaded spindle mounted on the lugs, andprojections on the telescope and shield adapted to be engaged by theright and left hand threaded portions of the spindle respectively,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRIEDRICH ALBIN SCHANZ.

Witnesses:

KARL GRIMsKY, PAUL E. SOITILLING.

